In addition to ectoparasites such as northern fowl mites, poultry red mites, lice, sticktight fleas, etc. poultry production also involves environmental pests like flies and beetles. Entrenched insecticide/acaricide resistance in many of these pests limits strategies available for their suppression. While biological control options exist for a few, many have no known parasitoids (e.g. darkling beetles) and neither fungi nor bacteria have demonstrated acceptable control under field conditions. What does the future hold for pest management in broilers, layers, breeders, and backyard flocks?