Exploring the role of volatile organic compounds in vector preference between BCTV-resistant and -susceptible sugar beet genotypes

Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) production is threatened globally by Beet Curly Top Virus (BCTV), vectored by the beet leafhopper (Circulifer tenellus). While resistant genotypes have been developed, the molecular and chemical basis of resistance remains poorly understood. Building on prior transcriptomic evidence showing divergent regulation of phytohormones and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in resistant (EL10) and susceptible (FC709-2) genotypes, we investigate the role of VOCs in mediating vector preference. Using headspace sampling and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we are characterizing the VOC profiles emitted by resistant and susceptible sugar beet genotypes. In parallel, dual-choice olfactometer assays will be conducted to assess vector preference between the two genotypes. Preliminary observations suggest potential differences in VOC profiles, with a focus on compounds previously associated with vector attraction. These experiments aim to investigate whether BCTV infection affects plant volatile emissions in a manner that may influence leafhopper behavior and potentially contribute to the transmission of the virus. Our study provides new insight into how host resistance may disrupt virus-vector communication via changes in plant volatile emissions. Identifying specific VOCs linked to vector attraction opens new avenues for breeding and biotechnological strategies aimed at reducing virus spread through volatile-based pest management.