Over the past 25 years, RNA interference (RNAi) has transformed from a molecular biology breakthrough into a field-applicable strategy for insect pest management. Initially a tool to unravel gene function, RNAi has since evolved into a platform technology enabling species-specific control with minimal non-target effects. In this presentation, I will provide a retrospective and forward-looking overview of RNAi’s journey in entomology—from foundational insights into the silencing mechanism to successful targeting of metabolic pathways in pest insects. Our work with Leptinotarsa decemlineata exemplifies how targeting genes involved in lipid metabolism, calcium signaling, neuropeptide pathways, and autophagy yields robust phenotypes such as reduced fecundity, impaired diapause, and high mortality. We have further identified that gene-specific dsRNA applications can suppress essential functions across life stages, paving the way for next-generation RNAi-based bioinsecticides. I will also touch on the key barriers to field deployment, including dsRNA instability and delivery challenges, and discuss formulation strategies such as nanoparticle encapsulation. As agricultural systems face increasing pressure to reduce chemical inputs, RNAi stands out as a precise and sustainable alternative. This talk aims to trace RNAi’s path through the scientific and regulatory labyrinths and highlight the interdisciplinary advances bringing it closer to widespread adoption in integrated pest management programs.
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